# Antillean Mango

Scientific name: Anthracothorax dominicus

Bird group: [hummingbird](https://birdsofpuertorico.com/family/hummingbird)

Canonical source: https://birdsofpuertorico.com/bird/90/Antillean-Mango

## Identification

The Antillean mango (Anthracothorax dominicus) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae.
It is found on the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola (both the Dominican Republic and Haiti), Puerto Rico, the British Virgin Islands, and the Virgin Islands, U.S..
Females and young birds are white-gray breasted. Adult females have a red-terracota colored tail with small white tips at the end.


## Distribution and habitat

The Antillean Mango is a Caribbean endemic and common 
resident species in Puerto Rico 
(Raffaele and others 1998), 
especially in the lowlands 
(Oberle 2018), and it is an 
extremely rare former breeder 
on Vieques (Gemmill 2015). This 
species is the most abundant 
hummingbird in forested 
habitats, scrub, clearings in dry 
and moist forests in the south 
coasts, and the hills of northern 
Puerto Rico (Biaggi 1997, Oberle 
2018), and it is also present in 
gardens and coffee plantations 
(Raffaele and others 1998). The 
atlas fieldwork yielded a total of 
401 records within 253 hexagons or 53 percent of the 479 total 
hexagons (see map). Of the 253 
hexagons where this species 
was found, breeding met the 
atlas definition of confirmed in 
11 percent (28) of the hexagons, 
probable in 20 percent (51), 
and possible in 69 percent (174) 
(see map). Antillean Mango distribution. The map shows the highest breeding code by hexagon and overlaying the ecological life zones in 
Puerto Rico. Note: percentages may not total 100 due to rounding.

## Breeding

The Antillean Mango constructs a cup-shaped nest on a branch, 
from March to August, according 
to previously published reports 
(Raffaele and others 1998). 
Atlas results indicate that this 
species breeding season extends 
throughout the year, but it is 
most active from March to July       81Antillean Mango/Zumbador Dorado (see chart). Results show that this species uses all ecological 
life zones to breed, but breeding 
occurs most commonly in the 
subtropical moist forest life zone 
(65 percent of the hexagons), 
followed by the subtropical dry 
and subtropical wet forest life 
zones (23 and 12 percent of the 
hexagons, respectively) (see 
table and map). Breeding was 
also reported for one hexagon 
in the subtropical rain forest 
life zone.

## Conservation

The population trend for the Antillean Mango across its distribution range is unknown, 
and since it is relatively common, 
it is listed as a species of least 
concern by the IUCN (BirdLife 
International 2016), while locally 
this species is not listed in any 
of the threatened categories used 
by PRDNER and USFWS. The 
Antillean Mango, once formerly 
common on Vieques (Wetmore 
1916), declined with the spread 
of the Green-throated Carib 
on this island (Gemmill 2015). 
Whether the mango population 
decline on Vieques is attributable 
to competition with the Green-
throated Carib and/or due to 
habitat change on this island is unknown. However, given this 
history of the mangos decline on 
Vieques and the relatively recent 
arrival of the Green-throated 
Carib on Puerto Rico, it would 
be prudent to carefully monitor 
the mango population on 
Puerto Rico. In Puerto Rico, the 
Antillean Mango has a protected 
habitat in land of 12 percent or 
720 km2 of the total area covered by the hexagons where evidence 
of breeding was found for this 
species (6050 km2). 

Photo: https://birdsofpuertorico.com/static/images/webp/in_090_Im0.png.webp

Distribution map: https://birdsofpuertorico.com/static/images/webp/in_090_Im1.png.webp

Source note: Text is reproduced from this site's published record. Historical conservation statements and taxonomy have not been independently revalidated. See https://birdsofpuertorico.com/about for source credits and limitations.